Field sobriety tests play a big part in many DUI investigations across Minnesota and North Dakota. Officers often use these tests during traffic stops to check if a driver might be under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Although these tests seem simple, they can have a major impact on what happens next.
What are field sobriety tests?
Field sobriety tests are a series of tasks police officers ask drivers to perform. These tasks check a person’s balance, coordination, and ability to follow directions. The most common tests are:
- The horizontal gaze nystagmus test checks how the eyes move when following a moving object, like a pen or flashlight. An impaired driver’s eyes may jerk or bounce instead of moving smoothly.
- The walk-and-turn test asks a person to walk heel-to-toe in a straight line, turn around, and walk back. Officers watch for signs like losing balance, taking the wrong number of steps, or not following instructions.
- The one-leg stand test requires a person to lift one foot off the ground and balance while counting out loud. Officers check for swaying, hopping, or putting the foot down too soon.
Officers believe that failing these tests may show signs of impairment.
How do field sobriety tests affect DUI cases?
Officers often use the results of field sobriety tests as part of their decision to arrest someone for DUI. If a driver performs poorly, officers may believe they have enough reason to make an arrest or ask for a chemical test, such as a breath test or blood test. The way a person performs on these tests can also become evidence in court.
However, field sobriety tests are not perfect. Many factors can affect how someone does on the tests, even an unimpaired driver. Weather conditions, uneven surfaces, medical conditions, age, and nervousness can all make it harder to perform well. In Minnesota and North Dakota, drivers have the right to politely refuse field sobriety tests, although that choice can sometimes lead to more questions or further testing.
Knowing what field sobriety tests involve and how the police use them helps drivers make better decisions during a DUI stop. It also shows why preparation and awareness matter when confronting charges that can quickly affect your future.